East and North East India together form a culturally rich and geographically diverse region of the country, marked by fertile plains, hills, plateaus, and lush forests. East India—comprising states like West Bengal, Bihar, Jharkhand, and Odisha—is known for its ancient civilizations, major rivers such as the Ganga and Brahmaputra, agricultural strength, mineral resources, and important cultural and intellectual traditions. North East India, made up of eight states, is characterized by hilly terrain, high rainfall, rich biodiversity, and a mosaic of indigenous communities, languages, and customs. The region plays a vital role in India’s cultural diversity, ecological balance, and strategic connectivity with Southeast Asia.